The electrical properties of LED lamp beads mainly involve their electrical characteristics, which are crucial for the normal operation of LEDs.
The following are some key electrical parameters and their units:
1. Forward Voltage (Forward Voltage, Vf):
- Definition: The voltage required at both ends of the LED lamp bead when it is emitting light normally.
- Unit: Volt (V).
- Description: The forward voltage of LED lamp beads of different colors and models may be different, but they are usually in a relatively close range, such as between 2V and 3.6V.
2. Operating Current (Operating Current, If):
- Definition: The current passing through the LED lamp bead under rated operating conditions.
- Unit: milliampere (mA).
- Description: The operating current is one of the key factors for the brightness and life of LED lamp beads. Excessive current may cause the LED to overheat and be damaged, while too little current may affect the brightness of the light.
3. Reverse Voltage (Reverse Voltage, Vr):
- Definition: The maximum voltage that the LED can withstand when the voltage applied at both ends of the LED lamp bead is opposite to the forward voltage.
- Unit: Volt (V).
- Description: Reverse voltage is an important parameter of LED, which determines the stability and safety of LED under reverse bias conditions. Generally speaking, the reverse voltage of LED is small, and exceeding this value may cause damage to the LED.
4. Reverse Leakage Current (Ir):
- Definition: The small current passing through the LED lamp bead under reverse voltage.
- Unit: microampere (μA) or nanoampere (nA).
- Description: The reverse leakage current reflects the insulation performance of the LED under reverse bias conditions. Although this current is small, it may need attention in some applications (such as high impedance circuits).
5. Power (Power, P):
- Definition: The electrical energy consumed by the LED lamp bead when working.
- Unit: Watt (W).
- Description: Power is a comprehensive reflection of the brightness and efficiency of the LED. In practical applications, it is necessary to select a suitable drive circuit and heat dissipation measures according to the power of the LED.
It should be noted that the above parameters may vary depending on factors such as the manufacturing process, material, size and working conditions of the LED. Therefore, when designing and using LED lamp beads, you should refer to the specific product specifications or data sheets.
In addition, there are some parameters related to the electrical properties of LED lamp beads, such as luminous flux (Φv, unit: lm) under forward current, luminous efficiency (η, unit: lm/W), etc. These parameters reflect the luminous performance of the LED more than the electrical properties. However, in practical applications, these parameters are also important factors to consider when selecting and designing LED lamp beads.