Answer: LED chip, packaging material, lead, bracket, phosphor, circuit board, shell, power supply.
Answer analysis: The structural composition of LED lamp beads mainly includes the following key parts:
1. LED chip
Core component: LED chip is the core of LED lamp beads and is responsible for emitting light. It is usually made of semiconductor materials (such as gallium arsenide, etc.) and forms a PN junction on its surface through a specific process.
Luminescence principle: When current passes through the LED chip, electrons and holes meet and recombine at the PN junction, releasing energy converted into photons, thereby generating visible light.
2. Packaging material
Protective function: Packaging materials are used to protect LED chips from external environmental influences such as moisture, dust and mechanical shock.
Common materials: Common packaging materials include epoxy resin, silicone, porcelain glue, etc. These materials not only have good protection performance, but also have certain light transmittance and heat resistance.
3. Lead wire
Connection function: Lead wire is used to connect the LED chip to the circuit board to realize the transmission of electrical signals.
Material selection: Common lead wire materials include gold wire and copper wire. Gold wire is widely used because of its good conductivity and corrosion resistance.
4. Bracket
Support function: The bracket is the carrier of the LED chip, which plays the role of supporting and fixing the chip.
Functional extension: Some brackets are also designed with structures such as reflective cups or lenses to improve the utilization rate of light and lighting effects.
5. Phosphor (for certain specific colors of LED lamp beads)
Color conversion: Phosphor plays a key role in manufacturing LED lamp beads of specific colors (such as white light LEDs). It emits yellow light or green light after being excited by the blue light emitted by the chip, and produces white light or other required colors of light after mixing with blue light.
6. Circuit board
Connection function: The circuit board is an important component inside the LED lamp bead, which connects the power supply, LED chip and other possible components (such as fans).
Material properties: The circuit board is usually made of copper foil and has good conductivity and thermal properties.
7. Shell
Protection and heat dissipation: The shell is the outermost structure of the LED lamp bead, which is used to provide physical protection and help heat dissipation. The shell material can be plastic, metal, etc., and the specific choice depends on application requirements and cost considerations.
8. Power supply (for some integrated LED lamp beads)
Energy conversion: In some integrated LED lamp beads, the power supply part is responsible for converting external power into the power required by the LED chip.
Protection function: The power supply also has protection functions such as overvoltage, overcurrent and short circuit to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the LED lamp beads.
In summary, the structural composition of LED lamp beads is a complex and delicate system, and the various parts work together to achieve efficient and stable lighting effects. With the continuous advancement and innovation of technology, the structure and performance of LED lamp beads are also constantly optimized and improved.